Thomas Paine and the Pamphlet Common Sense - 814 Words

Thomas Paine was responsible for some of the most influential works of the revolution. Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense was a very crucial part to America and its movement of independence from Britain. Paine was effective with his writings by being very plain. He wanted both farmers and officials to understand what he was talking about and be able to comprehend his ideas. Paine wanted to put his ideas out to the people of the American colonies so that they could understand it just by reading and not have to analyze and decipher what he was really trying to get across. He wanted to let the colonist know that there was no more room for talking about a split from English rule but it was time for the colonies to unite and take up arms against their British oppressors. Thomas Paine had many arguments for American independence but there are a few of them that are really the main focus of his thoughts for independence. The first argument that he made that was focused on independence was the relationship between the colonist and Britain. The fact that that Britain had laws to govern a colony on the other side of the world was implausible. That the island of Britain was going to give laws that the colonist of the Americas had to abided by even though the one who made the law was 3000 miles away. Another argument that he had was that George III was a tyrannical leader. There was no way that he was going to keep peace, and to rule over a colony, and expect the colony to follow all theShow MoreRelatedThe Pamphlet, Common Sense, By Thomas Paine1317 Words   |  6 PagesThe pamphlet, Common Sense, was published in January of 1776 by Thomas Paine. This pamphlet inspired the citizens of the British colonies, in America, to rise up, declare, and fight for th eir independence from the tyranny of the British monarchy. Paine made his pamphlet accessible to as many people of the colonies as possible so to spread the word and the people took notice. Paine’s pamphlet was being read everywhere such as bars and public sites. To not hear the words of Thomas Paine in theRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Pamphlet1719 Words   |  7 Pagesfigure to back their frustrations. Radical journalist and political animal, Thomas Paine, was the first to openly ask for liberty, in the Pennsylvania Magazine. Paine’s ordinary language appealed to the common folk, and allowed them to participate in colonial meetings; Their strength would be dependent on numbers. The published piece gave clear reason for the colonists to fight for their freedom. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense pamphlet asserted purpose to the impending ward on England, and inspired all toRead MoreAnalysis of Thomas Paine ´s Pamphlet, Common Sense846 Words   |  3 Page sCommon Sense Throughout time, events such as wars and assassinations have occurred that people today can describe as â€Å"a turning point in history†. However, not all turning points in history have to be wars, assassinations, etc. In fact, perhaps everybody acknowledges that Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense is a â€Å"turning point in history† because it inspired the United States Revolutionary War. Common Sense, a pamphlet, can be credited as to inciting the American Colonies to revolt against GreatRead MoreMedia in the American Revolution: Thomas Paine and His Famous Pamphlet Common Sense531 Words   |  2 PagesThe writings of Thomas Paine and his famous pamphlet, Common Sense, are viewed by many as having a profound and instrumental part in the ideology supporting the American Revolution. As important as Paines writings were, there were a great many other publications that played a major part in developing and reporting the process that eventually resulted in the Revolution and the ultimate formation of a new government in the former British colonies. To fully understand the nature of the power of theRead MoreThomas Paine s Political Pamphlet925 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine’s Political Pamphlet Thomas Paine’s political pamphlet entitled Common Sense was a very inspirational piece of writing. Common Sense stirred the American colonists who were pursuing independence. It was also a persuasive piece of writing for the American colonists who were unsure if they wanted to split their ways with Great Britain, or not. Throughout the political pamphlet Paine argues that the colonist were not dependent on Great Britain. He makes powerful points regarding how theRead MoreThe Document Common Sense By Thomas Paine1714 Words   |  7 Pages The document Common Sense by Thomas Paine was written in 1775, and published in 1776. Though, in order to be shared with the public, Thomas Paine had to be inspired first. Some of the more common inspirations were derived from the ideas of John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. The main points of Thomas Paine’s document were to separate from English rule and to form a democratic nation. Some of John Locke’s most common ideas of the human nature were that humans needed independence to thrive, a statementRead MoreCommon Sense by Thomas Paine859 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Common Sense† Common Sense is a pamphlet made in 1775-76 by Thomas Paine. This pamphlet inspired the thirteen colonies to declare war and fight for independence against Great Britain. It was straight forward and told Great Britain exactly the advantages of being independent from them. On January 10, 1776 during the American Revolution, the pamphlet was published and became a huge topic in the community. It was the biggest talk of the colonies. In proportion to the population, the book was the biggestRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine began writing Common Sense in late 1775 under the working title of Plain Truth. With Benjamin Rush, who helped him edit it, publish it, and suggested the final title, Paine developed his ideas into a forty-eight page pamphlet. He published Common Sense anonymously because of its treasonable content. Rush recommended the printer Robert Bell, promising Paine that, where other printers might say no because of the content of the pamphlet, Bell would not hesitate nor delay its printing. PaineRead MoreHow Did Thomas Paine Influence The American Revolution795 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine was an England born political activist, theorist, philosopher and revolutionary. He was an influential writer of essays and pamphlets. His works included â€Å"The Age of Reason, â€Å"Rights of Man† and the widely known and well accepted â€Å"Common Sense†. He is one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and had a major influence on the American Revolution by helping shape many of the ideas that marked the Age of Revolution. His extremely popular Common Sense pamphlet (which I will be discussingRead MoreCommon Sense By Thomas Paine957 Words   |  4 PagesThe political pamphlet known as Common Sense was written by Thomas Paine in 1776. This pamphlet contributed in promoting the independence of America. In the pamphlet Thomas Paine challenged the American colonists to separate from England an d create a democratic and independent society. Along with challenging the American colonists, he hinted at his own opinions about a democratic government that America should plan towards if they seek to separate from England. Thomas Paine also bluntly proposed

Sp Lab Report - 1117 Words

Possible antibacterial mechanisms of SNPs can be pointed to in 4 points: a. Nanoparticles adhesion to the bacterial surface leading altering the properties of membrane. The small size and the large surface area of nanoparticles give power to form strong connection with the surface of microorganism (Wong and Liu, 2010). Now, the mostly popular understanding is that SNPs with diameters less than 20 nm get attached to proteins with sulfur group of the membranes of bacterial cell resulting in increasing the permeability of the membrane, which lead to bacterial death (Morones et al.,2005). b. Internal penetration of the bacterial cell by SNPs, in the study of Choi and Hu, 2008 observed that SNPs less than 5 nm, which was more toxic than any†¦show more content†¦Ag ions can also interference with DNA replication processes by interact with phosphorus group, which stops bacterial proliferation and decreases the number of cells over time (Wong and Liu, 2010) and (Cao et al., 2010). Moreover, Samberg et al., 2011 proposed that the antibacterial activity of Ag ions is caused by the synergistic effect between the binding of silver ions to the cell wall, their uptake and subsequent accumulation in the cell, and their interference with critical biomolecules within the cell. In contrast, Cao et al., 2011 mentioned that silver ions do not play an important role in the antimicrobial mechanism of metallic SNPs-modified films coated on titanium or titanium dioxide substrates. We should also keep in mind, the formation of free radicals and induction of oxidative stress after uptaking of SNPs or silver ions Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated outside the cell, in medium, or inside the cell, also as a consequence of cell damage/disruption (Wong and Liu, 2010), (Thannickal and Fanburg, 2000) and (Liu et al., 2010).According to (Choi and Hu, 2008) bacterial growth inhibition caused by all studied forms of silver was correlated with intracellular ROS levels but Photo catalytic ROS fractionShow MoreRelatedPrimary And Secondary Psychopathy And Cognitive Empathy1103 Words   |  5 PagesPsyc 121: Introduction to Psychology 1 Is Primary and Secondary Psychopathy Strongly Related to Cognitive Empathy? Name: Savannah Davies ID: 300334814 Tutor: Ruth Glynn Lab Time: Friday 9-10:50am, EA 404B Abstract This study investigated the possible relationships between primary and secondary psychopathy and cognitive empathy. â€Æ' Is Primary and Secondary Psychopathy Strongly Related to Cognitive Empathy? Described as a social disorder, psychopathy is a field that has been extensivelyRead MoreThe Relationship Between Cognitive Empathy And Primary And Secondary Psychopathy1583 Words   |  7 PagesAmanda Richardson Monday, 5:10-7:00pm, EA404A Abstract This investigation is aimed to find whether there is a relationship between cognitive empathy and primary and secondary psychopathy. A correlational design was used, in which the Levenson self-report scale’ Levenson (1995) and the Reading Eyes Mind Test (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001) were administered to 452 first-year psychology students. Major results showed a weak, significant, negative correlation between primary psychopathy and empathy; thereRead MoreThe Relationship Between Primary And Secondary Psychopathy And Cognitive Empathy1500 Words   |  6 PagesHowever due to the results of studies from the past 20 years there may now be reason to believe that this is not always true. This study investigates the relationship between Primary and Secondary Psychopathy and Cognitive Empathy. The Levenson Self Report Psychopathy Scale and the â€Å"Reading the Mind in the Eyes† Test were used to work out the Primary Secondary Psychopathy and Cognitive Empathy scores of 452 students studying Psychology at Victoria University of Wellington. Scores were put into a correlationalRead MoreIdenitfication of Substances by Physcial Properties1153 Words   |  5 PagesLab 2 Report- Identification of Substances by Physical Properties The purpose of this lab was to see how certain substances; Naphthalene, Toulene, and and 2 unknowns (one liquid, one solid) react with 3 different solvents. To identify the two unknowns, testing needs to be done to find the density of both the liquid and the solid, determine the melting point of the solid, and the boiling point of the liquid. The Physical Properties of Pure Substances Table can then be used to compare the observedRead MoreSieve Analysis841 Words   |  4 PagesSieve Analysis Lab Report Tech Writing Lab Report Dr. Clinton Lanier Written by: Jon Leyba Date Assigned: 10/17/2011 Date Due: 10/24/2011 Introduction: The purpose of his lab is to perform a sieve analysis on a sample of soil collected near the EMRTC facility behind the New Mexico Tech Campus. The soil sample has reddish fines, sand, and gravel. The grain size distribution (GSD) test is used for soil classification, under the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). The USCS isRead MoreEffects Of Anxiety On Adolescent Women1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof Anxiety on Adolescent Women Zoon Fonville Eastern Florida State College Fall 2015 Total Word count 2195 1684-157 references=1504 Body WC The Effects of Anxiety on Adolescent Women Research This paper includes five articles that report results from research conducted to observe how adolescents, specifically female, are affected by the anxiety disorders. Blumenthal, Leen-Feldner, Babson, Frala (2011) stated â€Å"Adolescence is a key period in terms of the onset and intensification ofRead MorePhylogenetic Analysis of Thermophilic Bacteria1568 Words   |  7 PagesWe report the community of thermophilic bacteria cultivated from Tanjung Sakti Hot Spring in South Sumatera Indonesia that has temperature 80 – 91 0C and pH 7 – 8. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the 16 sequences of 16S rRNA gene fragments obtained from the community clustered within four distinct genera as Anoxybacillus, Geobacillus, Brevibacillus, and Bacillus. Two sequences that have 96% similarity with data sequences in GenBank, are potentially as novel species/sub species. Hot spring is a uniqueRead MoreNetwork Security Products : Risk Assessment Report3349 Words   |  14 PagesAssessment Report Submitted to Professor Tolson Capitol Technology University By Samantha Fitzpatrick Submitted: 28 June 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Network Security Products (NSP) branch understands that classified, sensitive information cannot be protected unless it has the proper safeguards and security system in place. Capitol Technology University student, Samantha Fitzpatrick, has been tasked to conduct a risk assessment of the LabNet system. This Risk Assessment Report checksRead More Disease Resistance and the Immune Modulatory Effects on Nile Tilapia 1067 Words   |  4 Pagespotentially probiotic bacteria, but probably the most well documented are LAB [41]. Among LAB, lactobacilli strains have been the focus of much interest. Since, the immune system modulation strongly dependent on the metabolites they produce, such as proteolysis, could release peptides that may (or may not) interact with immune cells to induce distinct immunomodulatory response [42]. Though only few strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially Lactobacillus, have been isolated from marine environmentsRead MoreManagerial Accounting Review Ch 8 121760 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluations (ONCE)/ Seymour Schulich Teaching Excellence Awards (Schulich TEA) – TEA: http://schulich.yorku.ca/tea. – ONCE: http://courseevaluations.yorku.ca †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ ACTG 2020 2020 class: Sylvia Hsu 2020 R (2:30pm): Lab, Marisa Morriello 2020 V (8:30am): Lab, Marisa Morriello 2020 W (11:30am): Lab, Iva Charlopova Week 11 2 Stanco Inc. †¢ Groups in the Right: Assume the role of Manager of the Electronics Division; evaluate the impact of supplying XL5 internally for $9 on Division’s profitability – Evaluate

Taoism Essay Research Paper It is always free essay sample

Taoism Essay, Research Paper It is ever present in you. You can utilize it anyhow you want. # 8212 ; Lao-tzu Taoism is one of the two great philosophical and spiritual traditions that originated in China. The other doctrine native to China is Confucianism. Both Taoism and Confucianism began at about the same clip, around the 6th century B.C. China # 8217 ; s 3rd great faith, Buddhism, came to China from India around the 2nd century of the common epoch. Together, these three religions have shaped Chinese life and idea for about 25 hundred old ages. One dominate construct in Taoism and Buddhism is the belief in some signifier of reincarnation. The thought that life does non stop when 1 dies is an built-in portion of these faiths and the civilization of the Chinese people. Although non accepted by our beliefs, its apprehension helps construct strength in our ain faith. Reincarnation, life after decease, beliefs are non standardized between the faiths. Each faith has a different manner of using this construct to its beliefs. Ignorance of these beliefs is a mark of failing in the head. To truly understand 1s ain faith, one must besides understand those constructs of the other faiths of the universe. Hopefully this will be an enlightenment on the reincarnation constructs as they apply to Taoism and Buddhism. The end in Taoism is to accomplish Taoist, to happen the manner. Tao is the ultimate world, a presence that existed before the existence was formed and which continues to steer the universe and everything in it. Tao is sometimes identified as the Mother, or the beginning of all things. That beginning is non a God or a supreme being as with Christians, for Taoism is non monotheistic. The focal point is non to idolize one God, but alternatively on coming into harmoniousness with Taoist. Tao is the kernel of everything that is right, and complications exist merely because people choose to perplex their ain lives. Desire, aspiration, celebrity, and selfishness are seen as hinderances to a harmonious life. It is merely when one rids himself of all desires can tao be achieved. By eschewing every earthly distraction, the Taoist is able to concentrate on life itself. The longer the one # 8217 ; s life, the closer to tao one is presumed to hold become. Finally the hope is to go immortal, to accomplish Taoist, to hold reached the deeper life. This is the hereafter for a Taoist # 8212 ; to be in harmoniousness with the existence. To understand the relationship between life and the Taoism construct of life and decease, the beginning of the word Taoist must be understood. The Chinese character for Taoist is a combination of two characters that stand for the words caput and pes. The character for pes represents a individual # 8217 ; s way or way. The character for caput represents a witting pick. The character for caput besides suggests a beginning, and pes, an stoping. Thus the character for Taoist besides conveys the go oning class of the existence, the circle of Eden and Earth. Finally, the character for tao represents the Taoist impression that the ageless Tao is both traveling and unmoving. The caput in the character means the beginning, the beginning of all things, or Tao itself, which neer moves or alterations ; the pes is the motion on the way. Taoism upholds the belief in the endurance of the spirit after decease. To hold attained the human signifier must be ever a beginning of joy for the Taoist. It is genuinely a ground to joy because despite whatever is lost, life ever endures. Taoists believe birth is non a get downing and decease is non an terminal. There is an being without bound. There is continuity without a starting point. Using reincarnation theory to Taoism is the belief that the psyche neer dies, a individual # 8217 ; s psyche is ageless. It is possible to see decease in contrast to life ; both are unreal and altering. One # 8217 ; s psyche does non go forth the universe into the unknown, for it can neer travel off. Therefore there is no fright to come with decease. In the Hagiographas of The Tao Te Ching, Taoist is described as holding existed before Eden and Earth. Tao is formless ; it stands entirely without alteration and ranges everyplace without injury. The Taoist is told to utilize the visible radiation that is indoors to return to the natural clarity of sight. By depriving oneself of all external distractions and desires, one can accomplish Taoist. In ancient yearss, a Taoist that had transcended birth and decease and achieved Taoist was said to hold cut the Thread of Life. The psyche, or spirit, is Taoism does non decease at decease. The psyche is non born-again, it migrates to another life. This procedure, the Taoist version of reincarnation, is repeated until Taoist is achieved. The followings of the Buddha believe life goes on through a repitition of reincarnations or metempsychosiss. The ageless hope for all followings of Buddha is that through reincarnation one comes back into in turn better lives until one achieves the end of being free from hurting and agony and non holding to come back once more. This wheel of metempsychosis, known as samsara, goes on forever or until one achieves Nirvana. The Buddhist definition of Nirvana can be summerized as the highest province of religious cloud nine, absolute immortality through soaking up of the psyche into itself, while continuing individualism. Birth is non the beginning and decease is non the terminal. This rhythm of life has no beginning and can travel on everlastingly without an terminal. The ultimate end for every Buddhist, Nirvana, represents entire enlightenment and release. Merely through accomplishing this end is one liberated from the neer stoping rhythm of birth, decease, and metempsychosis. Transmigration, the Buddhist rhythm of birth, decease, and metempsychosis, involves non the reincarnation of a spirit but the metempsychosis of a consciousness incorporating the seeds of good and evil workss. Buddhism # 8217 ; s universe of transmigration encompasses three phases. The first phase in concerned with desire, which goes against the instructions of Buddha and is the lowest signifier and involves a metempsychosis into any figure of snake pits. The P > 2nd phase is one in which animate beings dominate. But after many reincarnations in this phase the spirit becomes more and more homos, until one attains a deep religious apprehension. At this point in the 2nd phase the Buddhist bit by bit begins to abandon philistinism and seek a brooding life. The Buddhist in the 3rd phase is finally able to set his self-importance to the side and go a pure spirit, holding no perceptual experience of the material universe. This phase requires one to move from perceptual experience to non-perception. And so, through many phases of religious development and legion reincarnations, the Buddhist ranges the province of Nirvana. The passage from one phase to another, or the patterned advance within a phase is based on the actions of the Buddhist. All actions are merely the show of idea, the will of adult male. This will is caused by character, and character is manufactured from karma. Karma means action or making. Any sort of knowing action whether mental, verbal or physical is regarded as karma. All good and bad actions constitute karma. As is the karma, so is the will of the adult male. A individual # 8217 ; s karma determines what he deserves and what ends can be achieved. The Buddhists past life actions determine present standing in life and current actions determine the following life # 8212 ; all is determined by the Buddhist # 8217 ; s karma. Buddha developed a philosophy known as the Four Noble Truths based on his experience and inspiration about the nature of life. These truths are the footing for all schools of Buddhism. The 4th truth describes the manner to get the better of personal desire through the Eightfold Path. Buddha called this way the Middle Way, because it lies between a life of luxury and a life of poorness. Not everyone can make the end of Nirvana, but every Buddhist is at least on the way toward enlightenment. To accomplish Nirvana the Buddhist must follow the stairss of the Noble Eightfold Path. The way consists of cognition of the truth ; the purpose to defy immorality ; stating nil to ache others ; esteeming life, morality, and belongings ; keeping a occupation that does non wound others ; endeavoring to free 1s head of immorality ; commanding one # 8217 ; s feelings and ideas ; and practising proper signifiers of concentration. Conformity to the way does non vouch making Nirvana, but it is the lone way that leads to Nirvana. Merely through following this way established by Buddha does a Buddhist have a opportunity to make enlightenment # 8212 ; to liberate oneself from the uninterrupted unit of ammunitions of birth, decease and metempsychosis, to hold reached the ultimate end # 8212 ; to be absorbed into a province of Nirvana. The end in both Taoism and Buddhism is to make the ultimate end, to exceed life on Earth as a physical being, to accomplish harmoniousness with nature and the existence. The ultimate end for both faiths is to achieve immortality. The Taoist called this ultimate end Tao, while the Buddhist seek Nirvana. Whatever the name, the followings of these faiths believe there is an being beyond life which can be achieved provided the right way or behaviour is followed. The way to Tao and Nirvana are similar, yet different. Both believe there is an inner visible radiation which guides a individual in the right way to the ultimate end. Personal desires must be forsaken to enable the inner visible radiation to steer a individual to accomplish ageless cloud nine. The instructions that discuss the interior visible radiation of a individual are every bit good celebrated in the Tao doctrine as that of the Buddhist. The interior visible radiation that is sought is similar, but the existent way is the primary difference between Taoism and Buddhism. The way toward enlightenment for the Buddhist was defined by Buddha in his Octuple Path. Merely through following this way does the Buddhist range Nirvana. The way to Tao is single, it comes from within. No 1 can specify a way for the Taoist, it must semen from within. Tao means the manner, but this manner is neer taught. Desire, aspiration, celebrity, and selfishness are seen as complications to the terminal. That thought is consistent with Buddhist instructions ; it is the personal life of each person that gives Taoism its particular signifier. Taoism and Buddhism perceive life, decease and metempsychosis as a uninterrupted rhythm. This rhythm has no beginning and no terminal. The psyche is ageless, yet the psyche is non the object of reincarnation. Taoist believe the psyche is non reborn. Alternatively it migrates to another life. Buddhist besides believe the psyche is non born-again, but alternatively consciousness is the object of metempsychosis. One major difference between Taoism and Buddhism is the construct of karma to the Buddhist. This thought that all actions are the show of idea, the will of adult male, is known as karma. Karma determines the Buddhist actions and place in life. A individual # 8217 ; s karma limits the ends which can be achieved. Karma determines where in the rhythm of birth, decease and rebirth the consciousness returns. This return can be in the signifier of an animate being or human, and the Buddhist must come on through a hierarchy to accomplish Nirvana. The Taoist has no construct similar to karma, and no reference of the psyche migrating to an animate being signifier. The finding factor to one # 8217 ; s life is contained in the single behaviour for the Taoist. By abandoning personal desires in life, by concentrating of the ego, a longer life is prolonged. Finally, by following the interior visible radiation, immortality can be achieved. The similarities between Taoism and Buddhism in the belief of life after decease far outweigh the differences. Both faiths believe the single must concentrate on the ego to accomplish the ultimate end. To focal point on oneself, all desires and personal aspirations must be forsaken. One must concentrate on the ego and the proper manner of life to make immortality. The rhythm of life continues indefinitely until the Thread of Life is broken. Merely through proper life, by following the correct way guided by the inner visible radiation, can one accomplish the ultimate end of Tao or Nirvana.

Week 2 Essay Healthcare Essays - Health, , Term Papers

Week 2 Essay: Healthcare POLS210 November 20, 2016 Healthcare Currently, there are many issues that are being debated in the American healthcare system. While many of these issues have been debated upon for many years, they have recently been debated and focused on more heavily due to the Presidential election. One of the most prominent problems that is being debated right now is the cost of health insurance. Originally, the Affordable Healthcare Act was supposed to make healthcare insurance affordable and more attainable. Years after the Affordable Healthcare Act was implemented; it is apparent that it was a failure for the most part. In a great majority of cases, it failed the many Americans. The Affordable Healthcare Act in a great many cases has made healthcare insurance less affordable for the American people. The insurance costs have been on a steady incline since the Affordable Healthcare Act was put into play. It also failed by creating a federal tax for those Americans that could not afford to get coverage for themselves. There is a n array of opinions on this topic, but the majority of Americans agree that change is needed. The Presidential election this November was a stage for the debate of healthcare insurance costs. Donald Trump listen to the popular opinion of the majority of Americans and prosed to repeal the Affordable Healthcare Act/Obamacare. This solution of getting rid of Obamacare and the Affordable Healthcare Act is one that the majority of America agreed with. This solution was the most popular and was the solution that is most believed to be the most efficient and most correct solution. As far as this solution goes, healthcare insurance would return to the way it was prior to 2010 when the Affordable Healthcare Act went into place. In the bigger picture premiums, would drop and that ridiculous tax for not being to afford health insurance would vanish. Yet another solution is to leave the Affordable Healthcare Act intact, but to get the premiums down by getting the non-profit insurers back into the insurance Marketplace. The goal would be to get those non-profit insurers into insuring again at higher numbers so as to cut down on the numbers being insured by for-profit companies. A great many believe that the rise in for-profits insuring in the Marketplace is a cause to the rise in insurance premiums and other costs. It is proposed that if the vast majority was being insured by non-profits the premiums and costs would fall. The American people would again be able to purchase health insurance for companies that were not in it solely to make money for themselves and their company, but instead would actually care about the people, as well as care about being able to provide affordable and reliable health insurance. The solution to the rising and outlandish costs of health insurance that seems to be the best, and most popular with public opinion, is to repeal and do away with the Affordable Healthcare Act/Obamacare. The public opinion spoke in the Presidential election and the candidate that side with this solution won the election. There is no question that this is the solution that is agreed upon my most American people. Before the Affordable Healthcare Act was implemented, there were lower deductibles and premiums. There was also not a tax for not being able to afford and purchase health insurance. This solution is the only one that the American people believe would work. It is the solution they feel necessary in order to get things back on track. We need to start back at ground zero again as far as health insurance and the cost of health insurance goes. Federal government is the one that has the most effect on healthcare and its costs. There are a few rules and regulations at a state level, but the clear majority is Federal. Healthcare insurance companies like to pride themselves on being private; however, since the Affordable Healthcare Act has come into play that just is not that case. The federal government has rules and regulations that the companies must follow nowadays, plus the federal government also provides funds for some insurance companies such as Medicaid and Medicare. The insurance companies, rules, and regulations,

Female Circumcision-con essays

Female Circumcision-con essays Imagine watching a horror movie in which a young girl of six is crying out in pain and fear because she is being held down by four women, each holding down either an arm or a leg. While this is going on an older women walks in with a razor blade and walks directly to the child. Without administrating any anesthesia to the girl, she attempts to cut off the childs genitals. Unfortunately, this isnt just fiction; this operation known as female genital mutilation happens everyday in Africa, the Middle East, and Far East. In a recent article news article, The World Health Organization says, As many as an estimated 130 million of the world's girls and women have undergone genital mutilation (Gollaher 189). It is easy to see why female circumcision is a barbaric ritual that should be banned. People generally assume that female and male circumcision are one and the same. However, this is false for two important reasons. Female circumcision doesnt consist of one just one type of operation, instead there are many different types of female circumcision, varying in the degree of how much of the clitoris, labia minora, and labia majora are cut (Althaus). The other reason is due to the environment of where a female child is circumcised. When a girl is circumcised, this operation is often performed by untrained practitioners, with no form of anesthesia, and no proper cutting instruments (Romberg 18). Even though female circumcision has been practiced worldwide for over twenty centuries (Gruenbaum 193), only a small percentage of the population are actually educated in the matter. And for those that actually know about female circumcision they only think it happens in third world countries including, Africa and the Middle East. However it also occurs in immigrant communities in parts of Canada, Europe, Latin America and the United States (Wilkinson). In a recent article in the AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRI ...

Animal Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems

Animal Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems The building blocks of all matter, atoms and molecules, form the substrate for the increasingly complex chemicals and structures that make up living organisms. For example, simple molecules like sugars and acids combine to form more complex macromolecules, such as lipids and proteins, which in turn are the building blocks for the membranes and organelles that make up living cells. In order of increasing complexity, here are the basic structural elements that, taken together, make up any given animal: Basic Structural Elements atomssimple moleculesmacromoleculesmembranesorganellescellstissuesorgansorgan systemsanimal The cell, toward the middle of this list, is the basic unit of life. It is within the cell that the chemical reactions necessary for metabolism and reproduction take  place. There are two basic kinds of cells, prokaryotic cells (single-celled structures that do not contain a nucleus) and eukaryotic cells (cells that contain a membranous nucleus and organelles that perform specialized functions). Animals are composed exclusively of eukaryotic cells, though the bacteria that populate their intestinal tracts (and other parts of their bodies) are prokaryotic. Eukaryotic cells have the following basic components: A plasma membrane that forms the outermost boundary layer of the cell, separating the cells internal processes from the external environment.Cytoplasm, which consists of the semifluid substance called cytosol as well as various organelles.A well-demarcated nucleus, which contains the animals chromosomes inside a nuclear membrane. Organ Systems During the development of an animal, eukaryotic cells differentiate so they can perform specific functions. Groups of cells with similar specializations, and which perform a common function, are referred to as tissues. Organs (examples of which include lungs, kidneys, hearts, and spleens) are groups of several tissues that function together.  Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function; examples include skeletal, muscular, nervous, digestive, respiratory, reproductive, endocrine, circulatory, and urinary systems.

Importance Role of Cooperation in Achievement of Goals Essay

Importance Role of Cooperation in Achievement of Goals - Essay Example Graduating from school with satisfactory grades was one of the most important goals I have achieved that exemplifies the importance of cooperation. I always registered poor grades prior to my final examination. Thus, I realized that I had to take action in order to achieve decent grades in my final examination. Coincidentally, three of my classmates realized the need to improve their grades and we eventually became a team when doing our revision in order to achieve our individual goals. In this regard, we came up with a program that would help us come together to revise and teach each other what we independently knew. In addition, we could help each other improve essays that we wrote in class in order to make them better. Furthermore, we could ask for teachers on tips that we could use for effective group work, in different subjects, in order to achieve that common goal that we so desired. Eventually, we became better each passing day and our grades ultimately improved through cooper ating with each other in revision. In order to achieve our individual goals, we had to cooperate and learn a lesson from small creatures like wasps, ants, bees, and other similar creatures. These diminutive creatures epitomize the importance of cooperation, which is a lesson we can learn as human beings. In this regard, these tiny creatures teach us the fundamental aspect of unity for a common goal. Therefore, we had to unite in order to achieve the common goal of improving our grades towards the final examination.

Meeting for business ideas Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Meeting for business ideas - Coursework Example Smartphones and tablets are the devices that make the most sales, according to various business reports. This initiated the idea to create a mobile application known as SecureIT, to protect and promote IT security awareness online users in the course of their transactions. Different organizations are aware of the online security threats. They are embracing the relevant technology to mitigate the risks. Online hackers have the ability to capture the information that is in transit from servers to users. They have the ability to disrupt or manipulate the information, creating a negative impact to a given organization. In addition, the attackers have the ability to steal the data and deface web pages (Curtin, 2002). Through the SecureIt application, users could require the creation of an account that could enable them to access a feature that has the ability to encrypt data. The application has the capability to trace the geographical location of the attackers through their Internet Prot ocol address, in addition to their address books. Once the application collects the information, it informs the servers and the clients on the potential risks that exist. The other online security challenge relates to the faults and miscommunication between the servers and the clients. The server could fail in the screening of the clients’ data and the attackers could take advantage through their software that runs within the server. Using SecureIT, there could be the limitation or removal of the vulnerable software that exists between the connectivity of the server and the client. There is also a challenge of the determination of the receipt of genuine data from the clients. This is because the attackers could act as genuine clients and send vulnerable data to the server that in return accepts the data (Williams, 2007). The attackers could use the untrusted data to

Benjamin Franklin Essay Example for Free

Benjamin Franklin Essay Founding father Benjamin Franklin once said, â€Å"The way to see faith is to shut the eye of reason. † Theists for thousands of years have shut their eyes to reason and blindly followed the word of those who would have them believe in false gods. Reason demonstrates, through outlets such as Occam’s Razor, the lack of a need for the existence of those gods and the shortcomings of theists in attempts to prove their faith. Such shortcomings most prominently come in the failure to provide empirical data for the existence of gods, in fact, experimentation and observation show otherwise. To accompany a lack of need and a lack of evidence, because faith causes one to turn a blind eye to reason, arguments for theism are often weak, personal, and circumstantial at best, and can be easily negated. Reason, a lack of evidence, and weak arguments leave mankind only one option in regards to belief in the supernatural; no god or gods actually exist. Occam’s Razor not only establishes the falsehood of a requirement for gods, but also shifts the burden of proving the existence of gods unto the theorists. In blunt terms, the Razor states that, â€Å"All other things being equal, a simpler explanation is preferred over a complex one† (Krauss). Therefore, entities should not be multiplied unnecessarily, so the simplest of theories should be chosen before the most complex and that the unknown should first be measured in known quantities (Krauss). A deity, while providing a simple metaphysical escape for the absence of evidence, adds a plethora of unneeded layers of complexity to the creation of the universe. The addition of a supreme being to the equation not only dismantles established laws of physics, but creates a type of pyramidal scheme to the universal hierarchy, with the deity at the top, as its influence can â€Å"butterfly out† to touch everything in existence and possibly altering its physical properties. The metaphysical effect of a deity on the physical world would have unimaginable effect on known forces and constants, creating a faucet that streams unknown quantities. Fortunately, Occam’s Razor demands that without empirical data solving some of those unknowns, there is no need to add a god to the equation and the deity can be dismissed (Krauss). To stack on the allowance of a dismissal of gods by the Razor, Occam also requires that the burden of proof of gods falls to theists. Without a need for a god, one must not assume without evidence that a deity exists, just as one would not assume a Minnie Mouse teapot floats between the Earth and Mars without empirical proof of its existence (Krauss). Therefore, if there is no need for a god, then theists must provide tangible confirmation demonstrating the existence of such a being in order for a reasonable person to feel the need to believe in it (Myers). If the theists, on the other hand are unable to provide tangible confirmation, then the majority are essentially asking the world to follow their religion without a need for god, without proof, and on the terms that the church understands all there is to know of the universe. In the end, thanks to Occam’s Razor, in order for the thesis to stand atheists need not disprove the idea of gods, as one cannot prove a negative. They need only to disprove (or prove the absence of) the evidence supporting theism. The religious throughout history have failed to provide empirical data for the existence of gods; in fact, experimentation and observation shows otherwise. Theism ultimately provides no factual evidence indicating the existence of a god or multiple gods. The so-called strongest proof for the presence of the supernatural lies almost entirely in the realm of unreliable personal experiences (Faust 72). Theists will often claim that they know of their gods through personal communication or through the feeling of their presence in the world. This idea inspires quite the opposite of the confidence in God the religious are trying to demonstrate by sharing that information. What the concept of â€Å"feeling† gods or having them speak to a person is not only condoned as ludicrous by those who do not partake in the lie, but if true indicates something that drifts very nearly toward borderline mental illness. Those who believe their gods speak to them should not be granted any immunity other schizophrenics are not and need to be admitted into a psychiatric ward. The thought that personal experience that cannot and has not been processed through a reasonable scientific experimental procedure can take the place of real evidence is one shared solely by theists. The world does not so lightheartedly admit untested and inconstant variables such as personal experiences because no one who logically assesses the facts could morally do so. The nonreligious portion of the Earth’s population does not recognize personal experience as a viable form of evidence for anyone besides theists (Faust 72). This arises from the notion that these experiences claimed by the religious are not comparable to witness accounts r recollection of victims in the court of law. Unlike in the case of witness accounts and recollections, theists demand that the supernatural feelings they have be classified as stand-alone evidence without empirical data or essentially a case to back it up (Faust 74). This form of proof cannot stand by itself, especially when one takes into consideration the fact that these experiences happen so little and with so little correlation to any direct event or circumstance that when compared with the rest they produce an insignificant number (Faust 75). Not to mention of course, that any witness account in a case must be taken with a grain of salt, as one can never be certain they are telling the truth without the backing of empirical data. In a vain attempt to denounce alternatives to supernatural creation theists often cling to the proud notion that if they can find a single flaw in an important scientific theory, such as natural selection or evolution, then the entire case of the nonexistence of god collapses (Dawkins 51). First, as proved earlier in the paper, the burden of proof is on the theists, so even if theists can disprove every scientific theory they must still prove theirs (Dawkins 53). Second, a scientific theory must be show to be fundamentally flawed in order for it to collapse. A few issues in the theory simply shows that there is a small amount of data missing or that a certain aspect must be corrected, both of which existences would serve to further the theory (Dawkins 53). The distinct difference between science and religion is that the scientific method of proposing a theory allows for the theory to change and adapt according to what is observed, meaning the core of the idea is what needs to collapse for it to be incorrect, not the random outliers and exceptions picked on by theists. Conclusively, unlike religious arguments, scientific theory is based on observation and change and therefore need to be proven fundamentally wrong to be publically denounced. Atheists have all heard it before, â€Å"Complexity, complexity, complexity, complexity, complexity. Did you know that a cell is really complex? Complexity, complexity, complexity, and you are just going to be blown away by the Trilobites. It crazy, they’re like little machines. Complexity. Therefore, design. † The argument of complexity through intelligent design is another tidbit of supposed empirical data theists put forth in an effort to provide â€Å"physical† evidence for the existence of gods (Myers). This contention is one of the main, and essentially their only, religious attempts to put forth empirical data which scientists can measure. The entire idea of complexity indicating design is in every sense ridiculous. The notion can be dispelled by observing the known world and watching nature, or even humans, create complex structures by chance or accident. Take for example, a young boy who tires of playing with a stick and throws it into a nearby creek. The stick floats downstream until it gets caught between two rocks at a narrow, and begins to catch other debris floating by. Eventually a variety of different types of objects will form a natural dam in the creek, creating a small pond, which in turn can develop its own ecosystem filled with life giving the illusion of design, but being completely natural (Myers). As shown in the example, the complexity of the world derived not from design, but from the wonder of chance, evolution, and natural selection. Over hundreds of millions of years life has slowly developed and pieced itself together much like the dam, changing and adapting to conditions and lifestyles on Earth (Myers). The extreme complexity through which the systems of life today work is derived from the natural selection aspect of evolution, if a system does not work, or fails to quickly adapt, then the system is eliminated time and time again until a system that operates survives (Myers). The argument of complexity solely resides in world of fantasy, has no scientific basis, and should be disregarded as viable physical evidence. Full well knowing how pitiful the points of the argument of intelligent design are, theists look to one final, very childish, measure to save their drowning plight, questioning the validity of science and the scientists who propose it (Mathew 1). Worshippers have long tried to poke holes in important theories such as natural selection and evolution or convince people to dismiss them as simple â€Å"guesses by scientists† (Mathew 1). On the receiving end of most of this ill-informed ridicule rests a creationist’s worst enemy, the theory of evolution. According to many theists, evolution cannot be as there are, so pompously pointed out, several gaps in the evolutionary chain (Dawkins 52). Not only does this not affect the validity of a theory as proved earlier, but is entirely untrue. Fortunately in this world there stands a concept known as a universal constant, a constant essentially keeps humans from testing if the floor will hold them every time they leave bed, or if the stove is hot when the on light is on, or allowing them to understand if they ump from a building they will die. These constants allow mankind to make a series of assumptions that make up nearly every decision in an average day. These assumptions permit humans to deduce situations such as that if a malicious looking; blood-soaked man leaves a room with a knife in hand and a body is found that the man was the murderer. The same idea transfers to the concept of evolution in the regard that scientists, with proper reasoning and motive, can guide the theory across gaps in the chain and still hold a fair evidence base. This utilization of basic skills as assumptions paired with evidence to substantiate them, along with earlier points of scientific theories’ abilities to withstand isolated flaws discredits theist attempts to put science to the question. Not only do the religious weakly attempt to discredit scientific theory and method, but they often will question the religious background of scientists in an effort to win people over to their side (Mathew 4). Perhaps the two most famous cases of the abuse of character are that of Albert Einstein and Charles Darwin. For ages now religious fanatics such as Ray Comfort have bastardized their work by releasing edited copies of their books and mining for quotes that will purposely mislead the common citizen into believing the scientists were theist. For example, Ray Comfort puts forth this quote about Einstein, â€Å"I believe in Spinoza’s God who reveals himself in the orderly harmony of what exists†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Comfort removed the quote completely from context in order to misconstrue its true meaning (Mathew 4). Spinoza’s God is not a god at all, but a term used to sum up the forces of the universe into a word. Einstein in that very paragraph went on to describe how he does not believe in a god who concerns himself with the fates and actions of humans (Mathew 4). Einstein even addressed this kind of misleading material in his own day writing statements denouncing those who claimed him as a believer in God, â€Å"It was of course, a lie what you read about my religious convictions, a lie which has been systematically repeated (Mathew 4). Zealots like Comfort also release carefully crafted versions of great works like Darwin’s Origin of Species in which Darwin claims that he finds it hard to believe that something as astounding as the human eye could have developed through chance, neglecting to add the parts right in which Darwin continues to say that despite this, reason suggests that its true (Mathew 5). The attempt to discredit science and scientists by theists is disgraceful and such a ersonal attack in an impersonal topic alone should be grounds to dismiss the claim. Overall, theists have repeated neglected to present any actual empirical data, therefore have no proof of the existence of gods, and must resort to metaphysical or personal claims. Not only do Occam’s Rule and the absolute lack of empirical evidence disprove the idea of gods, but what arguments theists do rely on are weak, individual, and circumstantial at best, and can all be easily negated. One of these arguments for theism is the existence of morality and the correlation of morals throughout the world and history (Hauser et al 1). This can be easily negated as, put simply, atheists are the perfect example of how this cannot be true. Without guidance and belief in gods they are just as morally good as any religious person (Hauser et al 2).

Autobiography of Charlie Chaplin Essays -- essays research papers fc

I was born Charles Spencer Chaplin in Walworth, London on April 16, 1889. I have an older brother, Sydney, but he’s only my half brother- same mother, different father. I was named after my father, but he was a drunk. He died when he was thirty-seven. My mother, Hannah, was a music hall entertainer. Both her physical and mental health fluctuated during my youth. One night, when I was five years old, she became sick during a performance. I went out on stage and sang in her place. I knew then that I loved performing, and I loved it when the audience threw money at me. It was difficult for my mother to make enough money to support me, Syd, and herself. Syd and I had to share a single pair of shoes, taking turns going from place to place. My mother slipped into insanity. We were constantly made fun of and the authorities separated the three of us for a year. By the time I was fourteen, I was forced to have her committed to an institution. I don’t like to remember my childhood. When I was about seventeen, Syd introduced me to Fred Karno, who led a vaudeville troupe. I succeeded in impressing him, and I subsequently became a member of the troupe. It was during my time in this troupe that I fell in love with a dancer, named Hetty Kelly. I asked her to marry me, but she, being only sixteen, felt that she was too young. I then asked her to wait for me until I returned from the troupe’s planned trip to New York. While spending time in New York, I started to become fascinated with the movies. I got a telegram one day from Mack Sennett from Keystone Pictures, who offered me a job in California. He promised $150 per week. I was off to Hollywood within the next month. When we I met Sennett, he did not believe that I was Charlie Chaplin. He said that Charlie Chaplin did the best drunk he had ever seen and that I was too young to be him. I immediately went into my drunk routine, which convinced him. He took me and said, â€Å"Forget everything you ever learned, you’re not in the theater anymore.† At first I was terrified by the movies, but it soon became very natural to me. I walked into a room of costumes and tried many different things on. Sennett and the rest of the crew grew angry as they waited for me to get myself dressed. â€Å"I thought I would dress in baggy pants, big shoes, a cane and a derby hat. Everything a contradiction: the pants baggy, the coat tight, the hat small... ...mas day, 1977. In all, I was in seventeen feature films, and over seventy short films. Works Cited _____. Biography for Charles Chaplin. Internet Movie Database Inc. Copyright  © 1990-2005. 11 January, 2005. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000122/bio. _____. Chaplin, Charlie. Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, Copyrigt  © 2005. 11 January, 2005. http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/c/chaplin.asp. Chaplin, Charlie. â€Å"Rhythm: A Story of Men in Macabre Movement.† Script Magazine. January, 1938. Chaplin. DVD. Dir. Richard Attenborough. Perf. Robert Downey Jr., Anthony Hopkins, Dan Aykroyd, Diane Lane, Kevin Kline, Moira Kelly, James Wood. 1992. 144 min. Gerstein, David. Charlie Chaplin, A World Wide Web Celebration. 11 January, 2005. http://wso.williams.edu/~dgerstei/chaplin/intro.html. Haining, Peter. The Legend of Charlie Caplin. Book Sales Inc. 110 Enterprise Avenue, Secaucus, NJ. 1982. Lynn, Kenneth S. Charlie Chaplin and His Times. Simon & Schuster Rockefeller Center. 1230 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY. 1997 Raymond, Tom. Charlie Chaplin Biography. â€Å"Clown Ministry† Copyright  ©WebRing Inc. 28 January, 2005. http://www.clown-ministry.com/History/Charlie-Chaplin.html.

Basic Prerequisite Skills for the Global Workplace Essay

Outline some of the main issues facing higher education in the 21st century. To what extent is higher education an effective means of both obtaining employment and learning the basic prerequisite skills for the global workplace? Higher Education is one of the most important phenomenons in the 21st century. It is undergoing some major transformations and developments which are mainly effected by Globalization. Such as, international education, global capitalism, spread of culture and media, trade and work. Thus, it’s crucial to interpret the term of Globalization, which becomes a major backdrop of other phenomenon, including high education. Certainly, higher education provides prerequisite skills and higher life opportunities to people. However, the education system today is facing some challenges. There is over-education and over- supply of educational institution and the change of the global labour market. Higher education provides more chances for people to obtaining jobs. People who graduated from university are highly employable due to their wealth knowledge, creativity and ability of solving problems. According to the research of Yue et al. (2004) ‘The level of education level has a significantly positive impact on successful job seeking. The higher the education level, the greater the probability of success. ’ Which indicated that higher education make a positive effective to people in job seeking as well as working in a favorable position. The reputation of the higher education institution also has a significant and positive impact on employment. Graduates from key universities have greater employment probabilities than their counterparts from ordinary universities. The employment rate of graduates of public institutions is significantly higher than for private institutions. (Li, 2008, p8) Moreover, a good paper qualification helps you attract the attention of the boss. Employers are preferred to hire a more promising candidate with a better degree than someone who’s just out of school, without a pretty diploma. Furthermore,people who studied in university can gain more information about potential employment from universities or collages have apparent advantages both in employment probability and the starting salary. (Spence,1973;Stiglitz,1975).

Cnit 176 Final Exam

Final Exam – CNIT 17600 – Summer 2011 Name: _______________________________ Multiple Choice (1 point each) 1. Which of the following is the technological advancement(s) that allowed the 4th generation of computing to begin? a. Vacuum Tubes & Alternating Current Power Systems b. Transistors & Alternating Current Power Systems c. Transistors & Direct Current Power Systems d. Integrated Circuits & VLSI e. None of the Above 2. In the model of modern computing systems, applications that end uses directly interact with are located at which level? a. Level 0 – Digital Logic b. Level 1 – Control . Level 3 – System Software d. Level 5 – High-Level Language e. Level 6 – User 3. In the model of modern computing systems, the physical circuits and gates that actually perform the basic operations the computer are located at which level? a. Level 0 – Digital Logic b. Level 1 – Control c. Level 3 – System Software d. Level 5 †“ High-Level Language e. Level 6 – User 4. Which of the following components of the central processing unit is responsible for retrieving instructions and then translating those instructions into executable operation codes and operands? a. Arithmetic Logic Unit b.Control Unit c. Registers d. Program Counter e. None of the Above 5. Which of the following is currently the most popular format for representing signed numbers in computing systems? a. Signed Magnitude b. One’s Complement c. Two’s Complement d. Nine’s Complement e. None of the Above 6. The unsigned 8-bit binary value of 10410 is: a. 1101000 b. 01101000 c. 11010000 d. 10010111 e. None of the above 7. The signed magnitude 8-bit binary value of 10410 is: a. 1101000 b. 01101000 c. 11010000 d. 10010111 e. None of the above 8. What is the value of the two’s complement binary number 10011001? . 153 b. -153 c. -102 d. 103 e. None of the Above 9. Which of the following character codes is the int ernational standard for representing data? a. EBCDIC b. ASCII c. BCD d. Unicode e. All of the Above Inputs x y 00 01 10 11 Output f() 0 0 0 1 Figure 1 – Boolean Logic Truth Table 10. Which of the following Boolean operators defines the truth table described in Figure 1? a. OR b. AND c. NAND d. XNOR e. XOR Inputs x y 00 01 10 11 Output f() 0 1 1 0 Figure 2 – Boolean Logic Truth Table 11. Which of the following Boolean operators defines the truth table described in Figure 2? a. OR . AND c. NAND d. XNOR e. XOR Inputs x y 00 01 10 11 Output f() 1 1 1 0 Figure 3 – Boolean Logic Truth Table 12. Which of the following Boolean operators defines the truth table described in Figure 3? a. OR b. AND c. NAND d. XNOR e. XOR x A y B C D Figure 4 – Digital Decoder Circuit 13. Using Figure 4, which output will be set to a logical 1 when the inputs are x=1 and y=1. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. All of the Above 14. Which of the following is a CPU Instruction Type? a. Data Movemen t b. Arithmetic Operation c. I/O Instruction d. Boolean Logic Instruction e. All of the Above 15.Which of the following is an enhancement to the von Neumann architecture to increase the apparent speed of a CPU? a. Resource Conflicts b. Structure Hazards c. Data Dependencies d. Pipelining e. None of the Above 16. Which of the following CPU components is responsible for altering the normal flow of process execution? a. Accumulator b. General Purpose Registers c. ALU d. Control Unit e. None of the Above 17. Which of the following describes the process by which the least significant bits of the address determine which memory bank the data will be stored? a. Low-Order Interleaving b. High-Order Interleaving . Byte Interleaving d. Word Interleaving e. Nibble Interleaving 18. Which of the following is typically implemented using capacitors for storage of bits? a. RAM b. DRAM c. SRAM d. ROM e. All of the above 19. Which of the following is typically implemented using D flip-flops for storag e of bits? a. RAM b. DRAM c. SRAM d. ROM e. All of the above 20. Which of the following types of memory is highest in the memory hierarchy discussed in class? a. Main Memory b. L1 Cache c. L2 Cache d. SSD e. None of the Above 21. Which of the following types of memory is highest in the memory hierarchy discussed in class? . Main Memory b. L3 Cache c. L2 Cache d. Registers e. None of the Above 22. A CPU will always check which of the following memory locations first to find data not currently present in registers? a. L1 Cache b. Main Memory c. Secondary Storage d. The CPU randomly chooses which memory location to check first e. None of the Above 23. When a requested data item is available in a given level of the memory hierarchy when the CPU searches for it, it is called a: a. Hit b. Strike c. Miss d. Page Fault e. None of the Above 24. A Direct Mapped Cache system that has 16 blocks of main memory and 4 blocks of cache.If memory block 13 is in residence in cache, which of the follow ing memory blocks will also be in cache? a. 9 b. 10 c. 3 d. 15 e. All of the Above 25. Which of the following attempts to be the most efficient use of limited cache resources? a. Direct Mapped b. Fully Associative Mapped c. Set Associative Mapped d. Indirect Mapped e. None of the Above 26. When a block of memory needs to be removed from the current level of memory hierarchy it is referred to as the: a. Dirty Block b. Block to be Removed c. Expendable Block d. Victim Block e. None of the Above 27. When a block of data is written to in Level 1 Cache and simultaneously rites the update to Level 2 Cache, it is called: a. Write-Back b. Write-Through c. Write-Around d. Copyback e. None of the Above 28. A hard disk is typically accessed using which of the following? a. DMA & Character I/O b. DMA & Block I/O c. Channel & Character I/O d. Interrupt & Block I/O e. None of the Above 29. What is the smallest unit of data that can be retrieved from a hard disk and sent to main memory? a. Zone b. Byte c. Track d. Block e. All of the Above 30. The RAID process by which consecutive blocks of data are written across different physical disks is called: a. Mirroring b. Parity c.Slotting d. Striping e. None of the Above 31. The RAID process by which exact copies of blocks of data are written across different physical disks is called: a. Mirroring b. Parity c. Slotting d. Striping e. None of the Above 32. What is the term that describes when the CPU stops executing one process before all required instructions are complete and then begin executing another process? a. Timesharing b. SPOOLing c. Batch Processing d. Context Switch e. None of the Above 33. Another term for multiprogramming is: a. Multispooled b. Multiprocessor c. Complex State Transitioning d. Multithreaded e.None of the Above 34. Which of the following is responsible for providing the foundational interaction with the system devices for input and output? a. CMOS b. DOS c. BIOS d. CPU e. None of the Above 35. The speci al, reserved sector on a hard drive that stores the information to bootstrap the operating system is called the _______? a. CMOS b. DOS c. Master Boot Record d. BIOS e. None of the Above 36. Which of the following programming languages requires the largest number of CPU instructions to execute a single program command? a. 1st Generation Languages b. 2nd Generation Languages c. 3rd Generation Languages . 4th Generation Languages e. 5th Generation Languages 37. An operating system is the most popular type of: a. GUI b. Kernel c. System Software d. Tightly Coupled Multiprocessor e. None of the Above 38. Which of the following OS components is directly responsible for interaction with the system hardware? a. Command Line b. Applications c. Service Layer d. Kernel e. None of the Above 39. Which of the following OS components is directly responsible for processing and responding to text-based input from a user? a. Command Layer b. Applications c. Service Layer d. Kernel e. None of the Abo ve 40.What is the technology that largely replaced text-driven, command-based interaction with the operating system? a. BIOS b. DOS c. GUI d. System Software e. None of the Above 41. Which of the following describes the average results that also consider the expected frequency of occurrence of possible outcomes? a. Arithmetic Mean b. Weighted Arithmetic Mean c. Central Tendency Theorem d. Trigonometric Mean e. None of the Above 42. Which of the following is the most common network architecture today? a. Ring b. Star c. Bus d. Mesh e. None of the Above 43. The network used today that is the combination of DARPANet and NSFNet is called: a.Supernet b. Internet c. CombiNet d. SkyNet e. None of the Above 44. Which of the following models is the de facto standard for current network communications? a. OSI b. SNA c. TCP/IP d. DEC e. None of the Above 45. What is the most widely used internetwork layer addressing protocol on the Internet? a. IPv4 b. IPv6 c. TCPv4 d. TCPv6 e. None of the Abo ve 46. Which of the following network devices segments a single network into multiple parts (4 or more) and uses Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) addresses to determine if a frame should be forwarded to another segment? a. Repeater b. Hub c.Bridge d. Switch e. Router 47. Which of the following groups is responsible for drafting and approving updates to TCP/IP protocols? a. W3C – World Wide Web Consortium b. IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers c. IETF – Internet Engineering Task Force d. ACM – Association of Computer Machinery e. ISO – International Standards Organization 48. Which of the following groups is responsible for drafting and approving Ethernet standards? a. W3C – World Wide Web Consortium b. IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers c. IETF – Internet Engineering Task Force . ACM – Association of Computer Machinery e. ISO – International Standards Organization 49. Which of t he following transmission media are nearly invulnerable to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference? a. Coaxial Cable b. Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable c. Radio Frequencies d. Fiber Optics e. All of the Above 50. An IP address and TCP port number form a(n) ________. a. URL b. Socket c. Connection Identifier d. All of the Above e. None of the Above 51. A(n) _____ contains a protocol, Internet host, port, and resource path? a. Uniform Resource Address b. Uniform Resource List c.Uniform Resource Allocation d. Uniform Resource Location e. All of the Above 52. When multiple elements are part of a single logical grouping, it’s appropriate to use the ____ selector to target them for formatting. a. Class b. ID c. Child d. Type e. None of the Above 53. An element is made up of ____________? a. Opening and Closing Tags b. Attributes c. Opening Tag, Closing Tag, and Attributes d. Opening Tag, Closing Tag, and Optional Content e. None of the Above 54. When using the CSS box model, content is configured with the following CSS declaration block. How wide, in pixels, is the resulting box? idth:250px; padding:10px; border:5px solid black; margin:5px; a. 250 b. 280 c. 290 d. 300 e. None of the Above 55. Referencing an external CSS file uses the ____ element. a. href b. link c. rel d. type e. None of the Above 56. Style follows a strict order of precedence to resolve conflicts. The order of precedence, from highest priority to lowest priority is ____. a. Internal, Inline, External, Browser Default b. Inline, External, Internal, Browser Default c. Inline, Internal, External, Browser Default d. Browser Default, External, Internal, Inline e. None of the Above 57.In HTML, which character is used to indicate a closing tag? a. * b. % c. d. / e. None of the Above 58. The tag is similar in formatting to ____. a. Italic b. Bold c. Underline d. Heading 1 e. None of the Above 59. The tag is similar in formatting to ____. a. Italic b. Bold c. Underline d. Heading 1 e. None o f the Above 60. Which of the following is NOT valid XHTML? a. b. c. d. e. All of the Above are valid XHTML 61. What level of XHTML validation eliminates support for the element? a. XHTML 1. 0 Introductory b. XHTML 1. 0 Frameset c. XHTML 1. 0 Transitional d. XHTML 1. 0 Strict . None of the Above 62. The model that is dynamically built by the browser every time a webpage is loaded that defines the structure of each element and object on the page is called _________ a. SEM – Structure of Elements Model b. EOM – Element Object Model c. PSM – Page Structure Model d. DOM – Document Object Model e. None of the Above 63. An XML document MUST begin with which of the following? a. b. c. b {color:green} What color is this text? a. Red b. Blue c. Green d. Browser Default e. None of the Above 69. Using the following markup, what color will the word â€Å"color† be? ,b {color:blue} What color is this text? a. Red b. Blue c. Green d. Browser Default e. None of th e Above 70. Which of the following is the preferred method of formatting and displaying XML content as a webpage? a. A browser will render XML by default b. CSS c. XSLT d. XML modifiers e. None of the Above Matching (1 point each) 71. Can be embedded or external a. HTML 72. Requires the use of a either strict, transitional, or frameset DTD 73. Provides the structure of a web document 74. Enables data portability b. XHTML c. CSS d. XML e. XSLT 75. Translates XML into HTML or other usable output

Steroids in Baseball

Steroids in Baseball Something that has a dominate force in American and International sports for the past 10 years has been one thing, Steroids. Steroids are in the news now more than ever due to one man, Barry Bonds. Barry is now 9 home runs away from tieing The Babe for second on the all time list to only Hank Aaron. All of the major sports have implemented stricter drug testing programs in hopes of slowing down the use of steroids. However, these drug tests are out dated and do not test for every kind of steroid or HGH (Human Growth Hormone). These tests are more expensive and require a blood sample instead of urin. Steroids are destroying sports as we know it, there is wide spread doubt in major league baseball if a player has a breakout year or is now not as great a player as they were a few years ago.English: Barry Bonds in actionSteroids are chemicals that act like hormones. Anabolic steroids are the ones that are abused to build muscle mass or to make your workout longer and recovery time less. They are chemicals of artificial testosterone, which is a male hormone. With higher testosterone you can have more physique, less body hair, and a deeper voice. Why take steroids if you already know that it is not good for you? Most of the steroid users are injecting for better performance and strength for their sports, but, other users are simply juicing to build more muscle mass or to look better, physically. This reminds us of another LEGAL drug, ciggerettes.Inside their bodies they are actually ruining themselves. Taking steroids is a big threat to your health. You could have severe acne, genital changes, water retention, and yellowing eyes and skin. Its not only your appearance that could be at...

Requisitos y medidas foto visa EE.UU. y cómo subirla

Requisitos y medidas foto visa EE.UU. y cà ³mo subirla Las fotos para las visas no inmigrantes, visas de inmigrantes y para participar en el sorteo de la loterà ­a de visas de diversidad de EE.UU. deben cumplir requisitos sobre cà ³mo debe lucir en ellas el fotografiado y medidas. Adems, en los casos en los que es necesario subir la foto al formulario de solicitud del visado, la imagen debe cumplir con los parmetros de peso, dimensiones y formato. Antes de seguir con este artà ­culo cabe destacar que no todos los solicitantes de visa para Estados Unidos necesitan sacar una foto y subirla al formulario de solicitud de la misma o llevarla en formato papel al consulado el dà ­a de la entrevista. Y es que en los casos de solicitarla en un consulado con Centro de Apoyo como CAS o ACS como sucede, por ejemplo, al solicitar la visa de turista en Argentina, Mà ©xico o Repà ºblica Dominicana, las fotos se toman en dichos centros junto con otros datos biomà ©tricos como las huellas digitales. Por lo tanto, toda la informacià ³n de este artà ­culo solamente aplica en los casos en los que las fotos no deban ser tomadas en un Centro de Apoyo. En el mismo se explican los requisitos de foto y fotografiado, tamaà ±o, peso y formato de las fotos digitales, cà ³mo saber si cumplen con los parmetros, cà ³mo modificarlos si fuera necesario y cà ³mo subir con à ©xito la foto al formulario de solicitud de la visa. Finalmente, cules son las caracterà ­sticas de las fotos en papel. Requisitos de las fotos para las visas americanas Las imgenes deben cumplir los siguientes requisitos: en color, con fondo blanco o blanco roto (off-white). La persona fotografiada, que es la que solicita la visa, debe mirar de frente a la cmara y asegurarse de que la cabeza sale centrada en la fotografà ­a y completa, desde el pelo hasta la barbilla, que debe alcanzar unas medidas de entre una pulgada y 1 3/8 pulgadas (entre 25 y 35 mm). Ambos ojos deben salir abiertos y la altura de los ojos caer entre 1 1/8 y 1 3/8 pulgadas del fondo de la fotografà ­a ( entre 28 y 35 mm). Para asegurarse de que se cumplen las especificaciones es recomendable familiarizarse con ejemplos que cumplen estos requisitos. No puede vestirse ningà ºn tipo de uniforme, salvo el religioso como por ejemplo en el caso de sacerdotes y monjas. Tampoco se deben llevar gorros, sombreros, velos o cualquier otra prenda u objeto que dificulte la vista del pelo, salvo que su utilizacià ³n està © justificada por motivos religiosos. Si habitualmente se utilizan audà ­fonos no es necesario quitarlos para sacar la foto si se tiene la precaucià ³n de evitar que se produzcan reflejos en los cristales. Sin embargo, en la actualidad si se usa espejuelos o lentes es necesario quitarlos, salvo cuando no sea posible hacerlo por razones mà ©dicas. En ningà ºn caso la oficina consular aceptar como vlidas fotos de mala calidad o que son el producto de haber escaneado la foto de un I.D., como por ejemplo una licencia de manejar. Tampoco son vlidas aquà ©llas en las que la persona sale de cuerpo completo. Dà ³nde tomar las fotos para la visa americana Si se est en Estados Unidos, en cualquier negocio de fotografà ­a que saquen fotos para el pasaporte americano. Lo mismo puede decirse de otros paà ­ses. En este caso es imprescindible hablar con el fotà ³grafo y especificarle los requisitos de fondo blanco, tamaà ±o, mirada al frente, etc. Incluso, si reà ºnen los requisitos, es posible hacerlo con un telà ©fono mà ³vil o una webcam. En estos casos, asegurarse de cumplir todas las directrices mencionadas y que la foto tiene calidad suficiente. Si la foto debe subirse al formulario de solicitud de la visa y no est ya digitalizada puede escanearse con una resolucià ³n de 300 pixeles por pulgada (12 pixeles por milà ­metro). Se puede enviar por correo electrà ³nico para descargarla en la computadora en la que se va a realizar el trmite de solicitud de la visa. Medidas, peso y formato de las fotos digitales para la visa americana. En los casos en los que la foto debe subirse al formulario de solicitud de la visa aparece la expresià ³n Photo Upload en dicha planilla. En estos casos, la imagen debe tener las siguientes caracterà ­sticas Tener una dimensià ³n mà ­nima de 600 x 600 pixeles (ancho x largo)En color de 24 bits por pixelSà ³lo se admite el formato JPEG.Y el tamaà ±o del archivo ha de ser de 240 kb o menor. Si es necesario, puede comprimirse con una proporcià ³n de 20 a 1 o menor. Se puede verificar si la foto cumple con esos parmetros colocando el cursor sobre ella y clickando con el botà ³n derecho del ratà ³n. Se abre la ventana de propiedades y, en la etiqueta de General puede verificarse el tamaà ±o en KB. En la etiqueta de Detalle puede comprobarse el alto y ancho de la imagen. Si no cumpliese con los requisitos seà ±alados anteriormente, es posible cambiarlos utilizando un programa. Para hacerlo, si se tiene una computadora con el sistema operativo Windows colocar el cursor sobre la imagen, hacer click con el ratà ³n derecho y en Abrir con elegir Paint. Checar la Barra de Estatus y asà ­ es posible ver la informacià ³n de la foto en la parte inferior de la misma. A continuacià ³n, para ajustar la foto a los parmetros necesarios clickar en el icono de Seleccionar para cambiar el alto y ancho de la foto. Una vez que en la barra de estatus se obtienen los nà ºmeros que se buscan clickar en Guardar y elegir como formato JPEG y a continuacià ³n en Guardar como, dale un nombre y guardar. Si se tiene una computadora Mac puede utilizarse Paintbrush. En todos los casos pueden utilizarse otros programas informticos de manipulacià ³n de fotografà ­a. Cà ³mo subir la foto al formulario de solicitud de la visa Cuando se est llenando el formulario de solicitud de visa el momento para subir la foto es cuando se llega a Upload Image. Se debe clickar en ese botà ³n. A continuacià ³n aparecen las directrices ya mencionadas sobre peso, dimensiones y formato. Si alguno de los parmetros no es el exigido se va a obtener un mensaje de error y, si es el formato el equivocado, un mensaje de Only JPEG Images. La solucià ³n es modificar los parmetros como se explicà ³ en el apartado anterior. Una vez que se est seguro de que todo est correcto clickar a Browse y elegir la foto. Dar a OK y aparecer la foto. En ese momento se pueden ver dos botones: Upload Again y Confirm. Clickar en este à ºltimo y dar a OK y asà ­ se sube realmente la foto al formulario y ya se puede continuar con la aplicacià ³n. Fotos 5x5 para la visa americana En algunos consulados o para algunos tipos de visas el requisito es llevar una o dos fotos a la entrevista. En este caso deben cumplir con los requisitos de fondo blanco o blanco roto, no espejuelos, mirar de frente, etc. explicados con anterioridad. Adems, la foto debe: Estar impresa en papel de buena calidadTamaà ±o de 5x5, es decir, 5 cm de ancho por 5 cm de largo, o lo que es lo mismo: 2 pulgadas por 2 pulgadas (51 x 51 mm).Si se pide ms de una foto, todas deben ser idà ©nticas. Adems, si la foto se subià ³ digitalmente siguiendo los puntos que seà ±alaba el formulario de solicitud de la visa es prudente llevar una foto de estas caracterà ­sticas tambià ©n el dà ­a de la entrevista. Para re-asegurarse de que la foto est clara y no ha habido ningà ºn problema con el sistema. Puntos Clave: fotos para visa americana Las visas no inmigrante, las de inmigrante y la loterà ­a de visas de diversidad requieren una fotografà ­a o ms del solicitante. Dependiendo del tipo de visa y/o consulado, el solicitante puede tener que presentarse a un Centro de Atencià ³n donde le tomarn las huellas digitales y la foto antes de la entrevista en el consulado.Por el contrario, si debe subirla digitalmente al formulario de solicitud de la visa o presentarla en papel en el consulado, los requisitos son los siguientes:Requisitos de la foto: en color, fondo blanco o blanco roto. El fotografiado debe mirar a la cmara, con los ojos abiertos y sin gafas ni sombreros o gorras. La excepcià ³n son los velos religiosos, por ejemplo, los de las monjas.Parmetros digitales: formato JPGE, mximo 240kb y medidas de 600 pixeles de ancho por 600 pixeles de largo. Programas como Paint y Paintbrush permiten modificar los parmetros de las foto para ajustarlos a estos requisitos.Foto en papel: debe ser de buena calidad y tener un tam aà ±o de 5 cm de ancho por 5 cm de largo. Si deben presentarse dos fotos, ambas sern iguales.Dà ³nde sacar las fotos: pueden tomarse en cualquier fotà ³grafo que saque fotos para pasaporte, especificando las caracterà ­sticas que debe tener la foto. Posteriormente, si debe subirse digitalmente para subirla al formulario de solicitud de la visa, puede escanearse empleando una resolucià ³n de 300 pixeles por pulgada. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo.

Gun Control Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Gun Control - Research Paper Example As is but natural and expected in any vibrant democracy, the issue of gun control has attracted much assertions for and against it. If on the one side there are people and groups who support the constitutional right to bear arms, claiming that the common citizens do need guns to protect themselves and their loved ones from crime, on the other side there are citizens who vouch for stricter gun laws, as they assert that guns give way to much crime and violence in the society (Kleiman 148). Both the sides extend such arguments in their support that sound pragmatic and viable. In an academic context, it would be really informative and interesting to delve on the varied arguments extended by people on both sides of this flaring issue. It is a known fact that the American legal system had its moorings in the English Common Law (Strauss 34). However, when it comes to the issue pertaining to the right or prerogative of the common citizens to bear arms, America has affiliated to a stance that is very unlike the avenues available in the English Common Law (Strauss 34). As is evident, the laws in any nation, to a large extent, often have their genesis in the history and socio-political background of that country. Thereby, going by the historical realities amidst which America emerged to be a free and sovereign nation; the constitution of America extended to its citizens the right to bear arms. The right to bear arms is enshrined in the Bill of Rights and was enacted as the Second Amendment to the Constitution of America. Therefore, it is evident that in a historical and political context, America affiliated to a very liberal and tolerant approach, as far as the keeping and bearing of arms by its citizens was concerned (Strauss 34). The irony is that varied social opinion makers, legal scholars and lay citizens have facilitated varied and mutually contradictory interpretations of the right to bear arms existent in the Constitution. There are people

Fingerprint Identification: Three Latent Print Scenario's Assignment

Opinions about Different Homicide Scenarios - Assignment Example In such a case, it is possible that the perpetrator had planned their activities wisely. They may have used protection on their hands, for example, high quality gloves that do not allow for fingerprints to be left on the weapon. In typical cases, fingerprints are left on a weapon even when using surgical gloves that cling tightly to the hand. It is also possible that the murderer used another weapon to commit the offense and left with it. Another possibility is that the material used to make the weapon is one that does not retain prints. At times the prints may be too faint for proper identification. Fortunately, fingerprints can be collected from the surfaces in the scene of the crime. Glass, for example, retains prints that are highly detectable especially if the hands of the perpetrator were wet, bloody or greasy. On the hand, lean surfaces are more likely to retain fingerprints compared to dirty ones as the dirt may inhibit latent prints from being visible on the weapon. A case like this may mean that a different person committed the crime. It may also be that another person touched the weapon with bare hands after the murder, for example, an investigator hence interfering with the evidence. It may also be that the perpetrator used the weapon that had previously been touched by another person and used material that does not allow their prints to be left on the weapon. There may also be the possibility that a different person touched the weapon leaving their prints but the murder used a soiled hand on the weapon thus inhibiting the formation of their fingerprints. Such a situation is tricky and may mean different things. While it is possible for the suspect to be guilty, it is not always so. In some cases, the prints ay offer direct evidence that the suspect was responsible for the murder.  

Module 4 Case Assignment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Module 4 Case Assignment - Coursework Example e products of the company include basic food products as well as premium services like cooking recipes, labels and cooking lessons to the target and potential customer groups of the company. The outputs of the Whole Foods Market can be measured in terms of the revenues, goods and services, community impacts, job creation, shareholder value creation and service or policy outcomes. In this respect, the company shows high levels of efficiency and congruence. Additionally, the performances and the behaviors of the different departments, teams and business units of the company seem to be much effective in terms of maintaining standard, compliance and congruency. The main goals of the Whole Foods Market Company are to provide high quality and standard organic food to the target customer group in the market. Additionally, the quality of the food products marketed and sold by Whole Foods Market and the high level of social responsibility shown by the company add to the effectiveness of the company at the organizational level or topmost level of evaluation as per the Nadler and Tushman’s Congruence model. The main goal of Whole Food Markets as a leading organization in its industry of operation is to perform in a competitive, consistent and sustainable manner so that it can maintain its financial profitability and strong brand reputation in the markets of operation he outputs of the company seem to be sufficient in satisfying the corporate and strategic objectives set in the company. The Whole Foods Market is one of the leading organic food retailers and supermarkets in the world. The main mission of eh company is to promote the strength s of the organization and its individual entities by ensuring the delivery of high quality of products and services. Also, the company aspires to enhance the business to become the leading food retailer in the community as measured from the perspective of corporate social responsibility. The Whole Food Market is ranked 12th in the social

The performance of Coca Cola

The performance of Coca Cola The Coca Cola Company is considered to be one of the topmost beverage companies of the industry. It has its business all around the world. It engages in production, distribution, and marketing of non-alcoholic beverages in 200 countries worldwide. It produces almost 3300 beverages ranging from caffeinated beverages, fruit juices, water, milk-based beverages and energizers and has managed to capture the hearts of millions of people worldwide. Brand building, technological know-how as well as aggressive marketing skills are the core competencies of Coca Cola which help the company in gaining competitive advantage over other companies. Coca Colas brand is respectable and dependable and it took many years for the company to build this image. Not only is it a favourite among many individuals, but also has acquired a household name. Their brand and logo can never be mistaken, which is why consumers feel a sense of ease when the purchase the companys products. Coca-Cola is a cash cow in the soft drink industry. Due to its strong brand name, Coca Cola will remain profitable in the soft drink industry in the future too. The management of the company harmonizes the venture of human resources and organizes technology along with other core resources such as physical assets, marketing skills, financial resources, and skills and knowledge of employees in order to set up an effective and efficient internal organizational structure of business. The function of the organization focuses on division, coordination, and control of activities and tasks along with flow of information within the institution. Also, the managers allocate responsibility and authority to all people within the organization. The Coca Company focuses on acquiring and retaining highly skilled knowledgeable employees in its company in order to maintain the companys superior most position in the market. Coca Cola treats its resources as an asset. It provides such an environment for employment to its employees t hat the employees develop a sense of unity with the company and carry out their duties willingly and in the most effective and efficient manner. The company entertains it employees by providing a security of employment so that they are not carried away by uncertainties of their future. These objectives, strategies, and programs are already specified drawn in advance by the company which serves as a guideline to the management and unions when taking decisions. Also they concur with the organizations mission, objectives, strategies, policies and its internal and external environments. Since the organization concentrates mainly on marketing, human resource is an essential asset to the company. Without its knowledgeable employees along with their abilities and skills, The Coca Cola Company can never be successful. The ability to adjust and researching and finding out new markets have been of great help to Coca-Cola in becoming a symbol of the American culture. Since the companys affilia tion in 1892, a strong focus on growth and marketing has existed. There were also traditional advertisements in the local newspaper but apart from this, the companys founder Asa Candler distributed thousands of coupons for free glasses of Coca Cola so that many people would be forced to taste it. many tokens that showed the trademark of the company. This type of aggressive marketing is the foundation of The Coca-Cola Companys strategy and its culture. In the Coca-Cola Company, the divisional managers are responsible to run the operations in the general region. The functions of each vice president are divided into functions such as human resources, innovation/research/development, marketing, public affairs and communication. Marketing, innovation, research, and development are the functions which are of utmost importance to the company in gaining competitive advantages. Its mainly because the company is interested in keeping its brand name capitalized and so marketing plays a major r ole. It is the responsibility of the innovation, research, and development department that they come up with something new as demanded by marketing functions. Majority of the top level managers of the company have been exposed to different regions and different areas of the company. Many of them have worked for the bottling companies that partner with The Coca-Cola Company. Owing to the fact that these topmost members have well rounded backgrounds, they have an eye to look at problems from different angles. The current objective of the organization is to use its assets, which is namely its brand, financial strength, its unbeatable distribution system, research and a strong commitment by its management and employees worldwide in order to achieve a long-term sustainable growth. The core competences that helps the company in gaining its competitive advantage is its strong brand name and its widespread network with bottlers and distributors. Its marketing capabilities and broad portfoli o of products is unbeatable and very difficult to imitate. The strong brand name gives the company a strong bargaining power and leverage. The company also influences consumers tastes and trends. When the company launched Diet Coke, the company performed a blind taste test with consumers. The results was that the consumers preferred a glass labelled Diet Coke over a glass labelled Ta by 12 percent, even though the liquids in each glass was same (Plasketes, 2004). This is nothing but its strong brand name. In spite of all these core competences and its outstanding performance in the market, the company withstands a number of challenges, many of which arise from the fact that the company operates on such a large level. Different markets have different trends and styles. Consumes in some markets are found to be health conscious. In order to adapt to this trend, the company has created many diet and low-calorie drinks. The company always tries on bringing new ideas and innovations to ad just to the changing market trends. Due to the anti-carbohydrate trends introduced by the Atkins diet, Coca-Cola C2 was introduced. It is supposed to have the same taste as Coca-Cola but it contains half the carbohydrates. Also, The Coca-Cola Company faces a problem due to social and political differences of each market. Its mainly because different countries have different laws and so Coca Cola has to follows laws of each and every country where it operates but in spite of this, it faces strong criticism. The structure of the company has characteristics of both mechanistic and organic modes. It is more leaned towards centralized structure but now slowly and gradually it is moving towards decentralization. The stakeholders of the company are mainly shareowners who are its bottling partners, government, suppliers, retail customers, and local communities. Since each group of stakeholders have their individual goals, this gives rise to conflicts. The shareholders are interested only in profits, the local communities have concerns about environment issues and labour standards, the suppliers want to charge as much as they can in order to generate more revenue whereas the company wants to keep the lowest price to decrease its cost of production. The managers aim at keeping labour costs down whereas the employees aim at wage increase and increased benefits. There are at least 5 hierarchical levels at the corporate level. Due to its very big organizational structure, it experiences communication problems. One of the problems discovered was that the employees and the company did not have clear goals. This huge hierarchy structure has caused motivation problems and that is why the company is attempting to get employees more engaged. The increased use of companys intranet greatly resolves the communication gap and increases communication at every level of employees and allows the management at the topmost level to communicate more effectively to the front line employees. The company is moving towards decentralization which has resulted in a strategic structural change and has affected the company positively. Sales increased and the employees were much more satisfied. The company is trying to develop a more innovative culture by following the path of decentralization. The Coca-Cola Company is trying to compete to get the best employees. The production of beverages does not demand skilled employees but on the contrary, it has had problems finding the proper personnel in order to run the organization. In the year 2004, The Coca-Cola Companys top choices for the open CEO position decided not to join the company because they disliked the gestures of the board of directors. Due to the companys high creditability in the market, the company has the capability to raise funds at lower cost. This gives the company an opportunity to finance operations such as expansion. This is of much more importance to the company when the company wants to expand or if it de cides to enter into new markets or to purchase new brands. The company operates in a very charismatic environment and this type of environment is difficult to predict and control due to the global nature of the operations. The company faces a danger of reduced production or interruption in its distribution if any problem occurs in the market. There is also a possibility of workers going on strike or stoppage of work or distribution falls during bad economic times. Also the raw materials it uses are dependent on specific climates. Climate changes have a drastic affect on price of raw materials they require and so indirectly affects the production cost. The company has received plenty of criticism for its operations in India due to the fact that their bottling plants caused a great deal of pollution and have damaged local water supplies. The company believes in using different techniques in order to maintain good relationships with stakeholders, and strategic alliance is one of them. Nearly 100 percents of its revenue comes from strategic alliance. In 1999, the company signed a 10-year contract with Burger King as it was among the list of restaurants with being the only supplier of beverages. PepsiCo offered Wendys a much a better deal but still the restaurant signed a 10-year deal with The Coca-Cola Company. This really depicts the strong brand name of the Coca-Cola. The company has done a fabulous job by managing some aspects of the environment but done extremely poorly while managing other parts of the environment. The negative publicity it received in India has led to the boycotts of the Coca-Cola products at some places. This seems to be very bad for the company but the average customer is completely ignorant of these allegations. The company is doing a fair job of damage control but while the company has not had any problem with the suppliers, its future cannot be predicted. It does not seem like the company is not making sincere efforts in trying to secur e supplies and for this reason, vertical integration is most suitable. The company has a very strong bond with its distributors. The relationships between these two create collaborative interdependencies and so the victory of both creates a direct impact on each other. Differentiation is one of the business strategies of The Coca-Cola Company. This is clearly evident from the above example where the consumes preferred a drink with Coke as the brand name attached. The company succeeded in its strategy of differentiation because of its aggressive marketing skills. The company has been always known for its innovative marketing and its brand names and so it stands above its competitors. The Coca-Cola Company needs to improve its portfolio of brand names. To be very specific, the organization needs to start introducing new types of beverages as it enters the markets late. The company was late to enter the market of sports and energy drinks as well as coffee drink (Morris, 2006). Even if creates a new type of beverage, its always alone in the market and it can hardly force its competitors to react. The structure of the organization is hybrid in nature and it best suits its differentiation strategy. Its marketing and innovation functions have always remained centralized which allows the company to keep control over development, marketing, and production. It performs extensive researching and tries to find new ways to serve a new group of customers. The culture of The Coca-Cola organization is mission oriented and focuses on refreshing the mind and making a difference. The company means a lot to its customers and its employees. It provides a sense of pride to them and inspires new employees to act more positively which in turn have a positive impact on the world. The company tries to change its culture by giving liberty to its employees to shape and reform the goals of the company. The company provides a strong base to encourage its employees by becoming model citizen s and not just employees of the company. The output processes are the greatest source of uncertainty for the company. The company does not produce the final product. The distributors and bottlers mingle other ingredients and then sell the final product. Who bottles it does not matter and only the end product is important with Coca Cola as its brand name. So the company should make efforts by maintaining good relations with bottlers and distributors and try to pressurize them to maintain high quality final product, otherwise, it could have negative effect on the company and its brand. There appears to be very limited information about the production of companys syrup. At The World of Coca-Cola, a museum for the company, there is no mention as to how the syrup is produced. Based on some information available, the company has a moderately high level of complexity in relation to the fact that it uses mass production. Task variability in production is also low because it is extremely mec hanized and routine. As a result, task analyzability is high. When a problem occurs, it is not hard to find solutions. So, this shows that the typical structure of a manufacturing company that uses mass production is a mechanistic structure, in which efficient production is the desired end. The company has a mechanistic structure, in which efficient production is the desired end. The companys structure is that of organic type due to its focus being mainly on marketing and local appeal. If the structure mismatches, then the production may not be efficient but however, the benefits of the companys structure outweighs the consequences. The Coca-Cola Company has a high level of uncertainty when it comes to the raw materials it uses. For a few of the ingredients, the company only has one or two viable suppliers. This could create a problem for the company. The Coca-Cola Company has less bargaining power if there is little substitutability in suppliers. Another problem could arise if a su pplier experiences an event that economically smashes them. If a supplier experiences bankruptcy or some type of natural calamity then the company could suffer as well. The Coca-Cola Company can improve and secure relationships with suppliers using a few tactics such as minority ownership or strategic alliances. The most suitable solution would to be use backward vertical integration and purchase a supplier. As a result of this, the company can grab the profits that were earlier earned by the supplier, save the costs, and have a trustworthy source of supplies. The company knows that it needs to meet the ever changing requirements of its customers. The company so moved toward decentralization in the 90s. The company allows decision making at local level and so it can promptly respond to the changing market demands. Also, the higher-level management then direct their attention more on long-term planning. Some divisions of the company like finance, innovation, human resources, marketing, and strategy and planning are located centrally within the corporate division of the company. Some of the decisions are made at the lower levels in each regions of the company while majority of the decisions are taken at top hierarchy. The companys structure is of hybrid type which consists of both mechanistic as well as organic features. The focal point of the company is on responsiveness. The complex integrating mechanisms are the special features of the organic structure. The surveys and interviews used by the company allow information to flow from the bot tom-up, and the intranet allows for information to be exchanged laterally. The surveys have also forced The Coca-Cola Company to adapt simplification and standardization. Centralization and high standardization are associated with mechanistic structure. The mixture of both types of structures seems to be ideal for the organization. Flexibility is essential when trying to address such a big number of independent markets but high standardization is also necessary to remain efficient in production. The use of complex integrating mechanisms allows for easier coordination for the global company. Centralization keeps organizational choices in line with organizational goals. Since the information in the company is flowing in each and every direction, upper management will have access to information more quickly which adds to the organizations flexibility and responsiveness. This recent shift towards a more decentralized and organic structure corresponds with the uncertainty of the organiza tions environment. Every individual should acknowledge lifelong learning, and every successful organization in the same way like Coca Cola should become a permanently learning organization. Many successful organizations like Coca-Cola feel a sense of pride in describing themselves as a learning organization while other successful organizations have one of their strategic goals to become such an organization. The company appoints vice presidents for knowledge, learning and intellectual capital whose work is to develop knowledge management systems that enable them to quickly adapt development tendencies, influencing in that way the customers, competitors, distributors and suppliers like. For internal collaboration, The Coca-Cola Company has established its Innovation Framework. It is a system which combines project management and business intelligence capabilities to give operating units in 50 countries the chance to search for and reapply concepts which are utilized in developing and marketing over 2500 beverages produced by Coke. The company uses it to develop new soft drinks, design equipment such as vending machines and fountain dispensers that it leases or sells, and creates packaging concepts for new and its already existing products. The Innovation Frameworks helps Coke recognize duplicate product ideas and prioritize the best allocation of resources. For example, Coke Zeros expansion is the result of Innovation Framework. It was introduced in USA in 2005 and now it is sold in almost 100 countries. This is the outcome of knowledge flow between financial, legal, sales, marketing, and RD teams in different countries. This type of platform helps conquer the produ ct development insights, team members join their hands together in some regions and share them with teams in other countries. The formula, brand, and packaging already developed for one market can then be introduced to other markets. Learning is directly linked with business. Learning is a capability which requires skills and processes. It also requires leaders who can value it. Learning is a primary focus in The Coca Cola Company. The companys decision strategic planning process does not comply with its structure, mission, vision, and values. Its decision making process is centralized in nature and when it is compared with other things with the company, it totally mismatches. Coca Cola has an organic structure and the vision and values of the company focuses more on creativity and employee contribution. The company can improve their decision making process and work out on their organic structure by executing a strategy for organizational learning. They can bring amendments in a few things by alternating managers of different departments on a periodical basis. This will force the managers to think outside the box when making decisions. This will help in achieving organizational learning and set the organic structure into everyones mind frame. On doing this, the company will have the ability to solve many big problems promptly and become a stronger organization as a result. Also, the company should allow its emp loyees to interact with their managers and make suggestions if necessary. This will allow the managers to become aware of the problem at the very initial stage and help them to solve the problems when they are smaller ones before they become big problems in the future. So for this employee involvement is very necessary and an open door policy should be implemented become large ones. By changing their decision making process, the managers can become more used to their most recently approved vision, mission, and values. In this way, they can cultivate a sense of optimism in all stakeholders by making decisions in a timely manner. This will make the stakeholders pretty confident that the company has a better picture for the future because the problems will be less likely a hurdle for them in the future. The company by having more number of employees at lower level in their decision making process can promote leadership, inspire collaboration, and innovation.